Ethnography - Inter-team Conflict with the Coach :: Ethnography

Ethnography - Inter-team Conflict with the Coach Recently, two strong sophomore players quit the varsity women’s water polo team. They said that they were no longer having fun, one saying that the time commitment â€Å"just was not worth it anymore,† while the other said that playing polo at Oxy was making her more and more unhappy.† Earlier in the season, one of the players who was named first team All American and MVP of the National Tournament, also almost quit the team for good. Again, her reasoning was that the game was not fun for her anymore. She also expressed that she felt unappreciated by the coach for her efforts at Nationals, as well as for her leadership on the team on a regular basis. These withdrawals reminded me of the last two years when I was on the team. I recall how often I would hear the other players express their discontent about being on the team. However, the problem did not lie in the team in itself, but rather in the coach and his ways. Interestingly, although I was a member of the team, I truly was not aware of the problem at hand. I, above and beyond, was a novice player and almost never received anything but positive encouragement from the coach. It is important to realize that I had never played, or even seen, the game of water polo before coming to Oxy, and therefore learned a lot by coming to practice and watching and learning from the reminders and criticism that the coach would give. Nevertheless, I did have a lot of experience swimming under various coaches—some of whom where the meanest of the mean. It is for this reason that I felt that the other players were often being overly sensitive to the criticisms (which I viewed more often than not as constructive) that the coach would give. Of course, there would betimes that I felt that he would pick on (or yell more at) certain players. But I believe that there are few coaches that specifically try to bring down moral and cause players to hate the game. Yet, despite the fact that the coach may not mean to bring down moral and cause players to hate the game, it seems he has done something to cause two, almost three, players that played in the National Championship tournament to quit the team.

The Reality of Juvenile Delinquency

Juvenile delinquency can be described as a situation whereby a young person commits a crime. Juvenile delinquents are usually teenagers who are under eighteen years old. Juvenile delinquency can also be defined in terms of behavior that is in contrast to the norms of the society (Roberts, 2000). To be classified as a juvenile delinquent, a youngster must commit a crime through breaking either a state of federal law. Juvenile crime has become one of the most serious issues plaguing the nations and societies globally. There is wide range concern that has become mutual to the public, state as well as the government at large. The rate of juvenile crime has dramatically reduced since the mid-1990s (McCord, Widom, & Crowell, 2001). However, teenagers in the 21st century are still more prone to committing a crime as they are still immature and are not yet capable of thinking like adults. Despite the drastic decline in delinquency crime among the youth, the public and states are still concerned over the trends in crime among the youth. Morgan (2017) states that majority of the crimes which youth engage in includes minor vandalism as well as shoplifting. In addition, a small number of youth engage in crimes that are severe or violent such as rape or aggravated assault.Factors that lead to Increase in Juvenile DelinquencyAccording to Islam (2017), there are numerous reasons that may drive young people to take part in delinquent behavior. They include:Lack of communicationChildren may be tempted to find solace in other activities other than their houses if there is lack of communication between them and their pa rents. Lack of proper communication between members of the family may lead to the young people feeling the lack of unity, understanding or trust. These feelings may lead to a lower self-esteem or confidence in themselves. As a result, the teenager may lose their sense of individuality and may, in turn, participate in activities that are frowned upon just to boost their confidence. The teenager may follow peers blindly which results in them adopting a lifestyle that are unhealthy. Some of these lifestyles include shoplifting to get items that they cannot afford or they are not supposed to use such as cigarettes. Although the teenagers are aware that these behaviors are wrong, they still do them in the hope that they will be accepted by their peers.Brocken familyThe family plays an essential role in shaping the behavior and characters of their children. The parents are also responsible for mentoring the personality of their children. The teenager may embrace the ethical as well as moral values from the parents or other relatives in the family. In addition, teenagers may demonstrate traits of juvenile delinquency if they are experiencing problems at their homes. Families that are broken or have bad relations can result in teens going astray or even becoming violent. Furthermore, homes that have single parents have children who are more likely to become juvenile delinquents since the parent is always busy working and is not able to spend more time with their children. As a result, the teenagers may seek attention from their peers or other groups who may contribute to their delinquent behavior.Lack of Moral and Social TrainingParents and guardians are responsible for teaching their children the moral and ethical values. Parents may pay more attention in their works in attempts of earning more money for the family and, as a result, neglect their children. Since parents are always working and rarely have time to spend with their children, the children may turn to other people who are willing to spend more time with them. Thus, they may end up in bad company that is likely to lead them to delinquency as they seek for attention. Teenagers who have not gone through the process of moral and social training are often caught up in the web of juvenile deli nquency as they are unable to identify what behaviors are wrong or right. In addition, teenagers will be unable to properly interact with others as they lack skills in social and moral values. As a result, they may be perceived as arrogant and selfish. Thus, they may end up having a lower sense of confidence in themselves. Additionally, teens that lack training in moral and social conducts may be unable to respect the rules of the nation and thus commit delinquency crimes.Lack of FinanceTeenagers, as well as young adults, may take part in criminal activities in an attempt to improve their conditions financially. As a result, they may become juvenile delinquents because of lack of finances to sustain their lives. Teenagers may also engage in delinquent activities to try and help their families financially. For instance, a teenager may engage in activities such as selling drugs or stealing in order to improve their financially stability.Role of the Society in Prevention of Juvenile DelinquencyJuvenile delinquency requires the combined efforts of all sectors of the society. These sectors include the family, school, public, and even the government. Each of these sectors plays a key role in the prevention of delinquency crimes.Role of the familyThe family can be considered as the central institution in the society whose function is to nurture the socialization of their children while they are still young. Parents have delegated majority of their child-rearing responsibilities to babysitters, providers in the daycare and even to nannies. The changes are big. However, some families are able to adjust and function as healthy units. On the other hand, some families have unable to adjust to the changes and end up crumbling under the stress and pressure, in turn, damaging the lives of their children. Even though the family is unable to control the influences from outside, they are still capable of significantly influencing the extent to which children are exposed to the agents of socialization. Children are socialized at home first where they learn the values, behavior and beliefs from their parents and guardians. If a disconnection occurs in a family that was once orderly, the children will be most affected in a negative way. One of the major disconnections may include divorce where control over the children shifts from both parents to one parent. Thus, a home that is broken could be a strong factor which will determine the child's behavior of violating the law. The parents have the ultimate control over their children's behaviors. Social Solutions (2016) explain that there is a higher chance of positive results if parents spend more time with their children and in turn reduces the rate of delinquency. They further state that a study from the University of Columbia indicated that there was a lower likelihood of delinquency from teenagers who spent dinner with their parents between five to seven times in a week as compared to those who rarely spent time with their parents. In addition, the study found that teenagers were more likely to engage in bullying behavior if their parents were not involved actively in their lives. This activity may further lead to the teenagers joining gangs or taking part in violent behaviors. Thus, parents may help greatly in reducing the rate of delinquency by taking part in the lives of their children. However, parents are not the sole solutions to delinquency as they are not even aware of the abilities they possess in reducing the delinquent behavior.Role of the SchoolMajority of the life of the child is spent at school. There are some relationships that exist between the activities in the classroom and delinquent behavior. Dedmon (2017) explains that delinquency is connected to achievement in academics where the child's nature and quality of experiences in school are directly linked with the issues of delinquency. Schools can be identified as the foundations where the influences of the adults and the society are incorpora ted into a teenager. Education that is obtained in schools is the direct path in which young people can be able to get prestigious occupations. Thus, if the teenagers feel disadvantaged in this sector through poor performance in school, they are likely to develop deviant behavior. In addition, there are students who have been labelled as â€Å"bad students† as they have a habit of disobeying figures of authority directly. These students may also demonstrate signs of aggression or hyperactivity. Thus, the labelling may influence the teenager to act in accordance with the label they have been given. Therefore, teenagers may engage in delinquent behaviors as ways of self-fulfilling the expectations that come with labelling. Majority of the delinquency prevention responsibilities fall on the school as it provides a situation that juveniles can socialize. The officials in education sector need to come up with more programs that will enhance the effectiveness of the school as an instrument of delinquency prevention. These programs should seek to address the serious issues among teenagers in school such as stereotyping, tracking, and even labelling. The schools should take on a proactive technique in improving the self-image as well as the psychological assets of the students. Schools should also facilitate the necessary resources that students need to succeed as well as be able to repel any behavior that is antisocial. In addition, schools should also emphasize on the constant development of the student's cognitive sector through increasing the awareness of the student on the dangers of substance abuse, violent behaviour or even delinquency. Schools should also provide counselling services that will be available to assist students who have started to demonstrate the deviant behavior. However, it is vital to realize that the school did not generate delinquency. In addition, the solution to delinquency is not guaranteed even with the implementation of the educational programs. Thus, implementation of these educational programs will either reduce or increase the issue through the way the school issues punishments and rewards.Role of the PublicThe public has an essential role in preventing delinquency through standing against youth violence. Adolescents who indicate delinquent behavior are more likely to have experience violence when they were at a young age. This violence may have been from their home s, schools through bullying. Violence may make the teenagers to become delinquents in order to escape or as revenge against violence. Therefore, the public should collectively address the issue of youth violence starting from their individual homes. Members of the public should also condemn any acts of youth violence before they destroy the whole society (SecureTeens, 2015). SecureTeens (2015) identified that there is a definite link between the difference in ethnic, social and class and youth crimes. The differences in social class and ethnicity may make the young people feel inferior to others in the society. As a result, they are unable to develop the sense of belonging, trust, end even empathy from the community. Thus, the unavailability of these feelings may make the teenagers feel like they have been rejected by a particular group thus leading to their rebellion. The teenagers may act out their frustration through disobeying the laws and breaking the rules. Therefore, members of the public should be cautious so as to not drive the teenagers to towards these destructive thoughts. Through appreciation and accepting teenagers as they are and the differences they have, the public can greatly help in reducing the rate of juvenile delinquency.Role of the GovernmentThe government, through the Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (CCJJDP), is responsible in coming up as well as coordinating the programs for preventing delinquency. The main responsibility of this council is to coordinate the programs on federal juvenile delinquency. It is also the duty of the council to determine how the state, federal as well as the local programs can best be applied in order to help youth that is at risk (Social Solutions, 2016). The Government is also responsible for training law enforcement officials on how to approach the sensitive issue of juvenile delinquency in ways that will not spark more rebellion from the teenagers. Through the combined efforts of the government, the public and the Approaches that can be taken to deal with Juvenile Delinquency There are two main approaches which can be used to deal with preventing the issue of juvenile delinquency. These methods include Individual Program and Environmental Program.Individual ProgramAccording to (McCord et al. (2001), individual program consists of using counselling, proper education as well as psychotherapy to prevent deviant behavior among the young people. This program is made up of other programs such as the clinical program, mental hygiene, education curriculum and activities and removing inferiority complex. Programs such as parental education and recreational programs are also included in the individual program. The clinical program is where clinical psychologists, psychiatrists and also social workers are employed in various sectors to try and understand the personality disorders which delinquent teenagers may have an attempt to provide the appropriate counseling. On the other hand, the educational curriculum and activities program is whereby the preventive programs are incorporated into the curriculum and activities of the school. Teachers also take part in preventive measures such as equal treatment of students as well as the provision of moral education together with the required social norms that will be applicable in the student's future. Mental hygiene program is an essential part of preventing as well as treating delinquent behavior among the young people. This program involves mental therapy which is vital in avoiding mental instabilities and facilitating the mental modification in childhood. Mental hygiene also helps in the development of a high level of sentiments as well as values in young people thus reducing delinquency. The parental education program, similarly, ensure that parents fulfil their responsibilities of providing education that will help teenagers avoid committing any crimes. Every society should guarantee that there are educational programs as well as opportunities where parents will assist in enhancing the relationship that exists in homes. In addition, this program will guide parents on the appropriate education and the right way to take care of their children. The recreational programs include activities that are meant for recreation such as dancing, karate, sports and even art among others. These activities facilitate the mix up of different youths with adults, and even youth and develop friendships. These friendships help in developing the personalities of teenagers as well as boosting their self-confidence. Finally, the removal of inferiority complexion involves the diminishing of feelings such as fear and anxiety. This program involves supporting children in order to build their good characters and confidence.Environmental ProgramThis program is whereby the main focus is on adjusting the socioeconomic conditions that are responsible for promoting deviant behavior among the youth. This program involves activities such as publicity, community programs, family atmosphere and parental care, love and affection. Community programs involve activities that attempt to connect to an individual who needs help. This program is more effective as compared to the individual approaching the workers with the wish of participating in the community activities. Publicity, on the other hand, includes the media channels such as television and magazines which present the real information on different offences. The media should protect the young people from the news that is misleading and false. In addition, publicity should not be given to delinquent teenagers in order to protect them from social stigma and give them an opportunity to get their life back on the right path through rehabilitation that is not publicized. Parental care, love and affection is a factor whereby both of the parents shower their children with the love, attention, care and affection that the children need. Provision of these factors from both parents may prevent disappointment and frustration that children may feel due to being neglected by their parents. The feelings of disappointment and frustration from parental neglect are among the main factors that lead to delinquency. Finally, family atmosphere involves factors that promote a healthy family atmosphere where there is a healthy attachment between the parents and their children. Through these activities, the parent will be more involved with their children's lives. As a result, the rate of delinquency will reduce as the children will be able to communicate with their parents as they share mutual trust and they feel like they belong to members of the family.ConclusionJuvenile delinquency has become a peril to the community. As a society, we have to be prepared to prevent this issue of juvenile delinquency. This preparation includes learning how to deal with youths and children who are maladjusted socially, those who are causing trouble at school as well as those who are involved in breaking the rules. If delinquency among the young people is not addressed, the teenagers will become habitual offenders which may become a menace to the society. Although the government has recognized juvenile delinquency as a problem that needs to be addressed, the programs initiated by the government cannot be successful unless all sectors of the society including the family, school, public and even the individual fulfill their roles.

Hispanic Gender And Gender Inequality - 801 Words

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Gender Roles Forbidden And Gender - 1486 Words

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Project Management Construction Of Construction

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Risk and uncertainty can potentially have damaging consequences for the construction projects. Therefore nowadays, the risk analysis and management continue to be a major feature of the project management of construction projects in an attempt to deal effectively with uncertainty and unexpected events and to achieve project success. Risk is inherent on construction projects and disputes frequently arise. OneRead MoreProject Management And Construction Of The Project996 Words   |  4 PagesAll the financing, sourcing, bidding management and construction of the project are decided by MOR internally7. Eventually, the power centralized into three people – former Minister of Railways Liu Zhijun, former railway ministry chief engineer Zhang Shuguang and former China Railway Communication Group Corp. Chairman Ma Cheng. Liu Zhijun, who had the main leadership responsibility for the accident and acted as the executive sponsor, was sacked and detained in Feb, 2011, before it happened, beingRead MoreRisk Management For Construction Projects1095 Words   |  5 Pagesoverall aim of this study report is to let everyone know what risk management is, realize the procedure of risk management in construction project and have a deeper study on the application of risk management during construction period, therefore, a better project output and better value for both clients and constructors. There are two objectives of this study: 1. To assess the most major and common risks which cause bad effect on construction period. 2. To figure out reasonable solutions. On the basisRead MoreImportan ce Of Project Management For Construction1129 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Construction Management is not a new idea. The function of the Construction Manager is to work on behalf of the owner to complete a project within the plans and specifications provided. In the last few years construction practices have changed dramatically. Technology, materials, government bureaucracy, financing, design, and engineering have all advanced. With the complexity of the construction process increasing, owners demand accountability and accurate guidance during the entire

Biogram Essay Example For Students

Biogram Essay The man Nathaniel Hawthorne, an author of the nineteenth century, was born in 1804, in Salem, Massachusetts. It was there that he lived a poverty-stricken childhood without the financial support of a father, because he had passed away in 1808. Hawthorne was raised strictly Puritan, his great-grandfather had even been one of the judges in the Puritan witchcraft trials during the 1600s. This and Hawthornes destitute upbringing advanced his understanding of human nature and distress felt by social, religious, and economic inequities. Hawthorne was a private individual who fancied solitude with family friends. He was also very devoted to his craft of writing. Hawthorne observed the decay of Puritanism with opposition; believing that is was a mans responsibility to pursue the highest truth and possessed a strong moral sense. These aspects of Hawthornes philosophy are what drove him to write about and even become a part of an experiment in social reform, in a utopian colony at Brook Farm. He believed that the Puritans obsession with original sin and their ironhandedness undermined instead of reinforced virtue. As a technician, Hawthornes style in literature was abundantly allegorical, using the characters and plot to acquire a connection and to show a moral lesson. His definition of romanticism was writing to show truths, which need not relate to history or reality. Human frailty and sorrow were the romantic topics, which Hawthorne focused on most, using them to finesse his characters and setting to exalt good and illustrate the horrors of immorality. Nathaniel Hawthornes experiences as a man, incite as a philosopher and skill as a technician can be seen when reading The Scarlet Letter. The man, Nathaniel Hawthornes religious background, seclusion from society, and devotion to his craft can be related to his novel The Scarlet Letter. His religious upbringing as a Puritan is what gave him the knowledge to write about Bostons Puritan society in his novel. Hawthornes great-grandfather, who one of the judges at the Puritan witchcraft trials, was like the magistrates of The Scarlet Letter that attempted to make a society that would be a Utopia of human virtue and happiness. A further parallel found between Hawthornes life and the novel is the element of seclusion found in each. Hawthorne secluded himself from society with his few family members and close friends. In the same way Hester Prynne was secluded from society in her little, lonesome dwelling that stood on the shore, looking across a basin of the sea at the forest-covered hills toward the west out of the circle of the town. Prynne now felt in every gesture, every word and even the silence of those with whom she c ame in contact, implied, and often expressed, that she was banished, and as much alone as if she inhabited another sphere. In addition to the similarity Hawthorne and Prynne had in their isolated lifestyles, there is another correspondence in their devotion to their crafts. Hawthorne was dedicated to his craft of writing. He read all that he could and wrote in journals and for publications. Prynne was so dutiful to her craft that she offered up a real sacrifice of enjoyment in devoting so many hours to such rude handiwork just as Hawthorne did with his writing. It was described that she had a taste for the gorgeously beautiful, which, save in the exquisite productions of her needle, found nothing else in all the possibilities of her life to exercise itself upon. These examples show how Hawthornes experiences as a man contributed to his novel, The Scarlet Letter. Hawthornes philosophized that the Puritan obsession with sin undermined instead of proliferated virtue, which can be seen when reading The Scarlet Letter. Hawthorne had a discrepancy with the moral decay of Puritanism. He held strong opinions on sin and had a firm moral sense. Hawthorne also theorized that man should seek the highest truth in all parts of his life. In his novel The Scarlet Letter Hawthornes philosophies can easily be perceived. Hawthornes commentary in his book that the outward guise of purity was but a lie, and that, if truth were everywhere to be shown, a scarlet letter would blaze forth on many a bosom besides Hester Prynnes was in fact his view of the Puritan church. Hawthorne believed that Puritanism focused entirely too much on visible saints, who from what human eyes could see were perfectly sinless. These supposedly sinless people were automatically accepted into the church. In his novel, the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale was the most tremendous visible saint of all, and had achieved a brilliant popularity in his sacred office with the townspeople. However, he was the most hypocritical having been Hester Prynnes partner in adultery. The rigidity of Puritanism and its emphasis on original sin is what Hawthorne felt undermined morality. It is this same harshness that kept Dimmesdale silent for many years fearful of the consequences of confessing his sin publicly because he fears the penaltydeath. He longed to speak out from his own pulpit at the full height of his voice, and tell the people what he was. Yet, this could not happen in the Puritan society. This iron hand the church held over communities of the time is what Hawthorne resented. It only led people to bury their sins deeper in their hearts, just as Dimmesdale did in The Scarlet Letter. .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 , .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .postImageUrl , .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 , .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1:hover , .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1:visited , .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1:active { border:0!important; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1:active , .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1 .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc17557cb5f0496e26162f62af044bea1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Antigone's Tragic Hero EssayHawthorne, a Romantic writer, used his technical skills of allegory and light/dark imagery in The Scarlet Letter to enlighten his readers with truths. He was very allegorical, using characters and plot together to portray a moral lesson. Pearl is used in this novel as an allegory for truth. Throughout the work Pearl acts in ways that are untypical of someone of her infancy. Yet, Hawthorne uses it to bestow upon the reader a lesson. Pearl says that the reason her mother wears the scarlet letter is for the same reason that the minister keeps his hand over his heart. In reality a truth such as this would not be know to a seven-year-old. Hawthorne u ses Pearl to show that regardless of how deeply hidden sins are, like Dimmesdales is, the truth will be revealed. Roger Chillingworth is also an allegory, for revenge. His character has no other part in the plot other than to seek cold-blooded retaliation on Dimmesdale. As time went on there was something ugly and evil in his face, which they had not previously noticed, and which grew still more obvious to the sight, the oftener they looked upon him. This description of Chillingworth is like revenge itself, growing more and more hideous as time goes on until it totally consumes a person. Hawthorne also manipulates the atmosphere of his novel to enlighten his readers with a moral lesson. The light/dark imagery he uses represents the Puritans hiding of their sins. In The Scarlet Letter, Dimmesdale only stands on the scaffold with Prynne and Pearl at midnight. In the dark, when no one is looking he is willing to show the world his part in Prynnes adultery. As Pearl, the allegory for tr uth says to Dimmesdale, Thou wast not bold! thou wast not true! Thou wouldst not promise to take my hand, and Mothers hand, tomorrow noontide! Pearl also communicates truths to her mother through the same light/dark imagery. Mother, the sunshine does not love you. It runs away and hides itself, because it is afraid of something on your bosom. Another follows this example, when Prynne attempts to reach out and touch a bit of sunshine, which is pouring trough an opening in the leaves and as she attempted to do so the sunshine vanished. Examples such as these show Hawthornes use of allegory and light/dark imagery to jockey his characters and setting to elevate good and to illuminate the horrors of evil. Bibliography:the scarlet letter

Use Of Art In Society Essay Example For Students

Use Of Art In Society Essay Young people who participate in the arts for at least three hours on three days each week through at least one full year are: * 4 times more likely to be recognized for academic achievement * 3 times more likely to be elected to class office within their schools We will write a custom essay on Use Of Art In Society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now * 4 times more likely to participate in a math and science fair * 3 times more likely to win an award for school attendance * 4 times more likely to win an award for writing an essay or poem Young artists, as compared with their peers, are likely to: * Attend music, art, and dance classes nearly three times as frequently * Participate in youth groups nearly four times as frequently * Read for pleasure nearly twice as often * Perform community service more than four times as often Living the Arts through Language + Learning: A Report on Community-based Youth Organizations, Shirley Brice Heath, Stanford University and Carnegie Foundation For the Advancement of Teaching, Americans for the Arts Monograph, November 1998) The facts are that arts education * makes a tremendous impact on the developmental growth of every child and has proven to help level the learning field across socio-economic boundaries. (Involvement in the Arts and Success in Secondary School, James S. Catterall, The UCLA Imagination Project, Graduate School of Education Information Studies, UCLA, Americans for the Arts Monograph, January 1998) * has a measurable impact on youth at risk in deterring delinquent behavior and truancy problems while also increasing overall academic performance among those youth engaged in after school and summer arts programs targeted toward delinquency prevention. (YouthARTS Development Project, 1996, U.S. Department of Justice, National Endowment for the Arts, and Americans for the Arts) Businesses understand that arts education * builds a school climate of high expectation, discipline, and academic rigor that attracts businesses relocating to your community. * strengthens student problem-solving and critical thinking skills, adding to overall academic achievement and school success. * helps students develop a sense of craftsmanship, quality task performance, and goal-settingskills needed to succeed in the classroom and beyond. * can help troubled youth, providing an alternative to destructive behavior and another way for students to approach learning. * provides another opportunity for parental, community, and business involvement with schools, including arts and humanities organizations. * helps all students develop more appreciation and understanding of the world around them. * helps students develop a positive work ethic and pride in a job well done. (Business Circle for Arts Education in Oklahoma, Arts at the Core of Learning 1999 Initiative) Dig Deeper Proof of the Power of Arts Education Read highlights of key national research on the impact of arts education on children and learning. These brief findings offer links to publication summaries that link to full publications online (when available). How High Do We Reach? What is it exactly that our kids should be able to do when they study the arts? Were glad you asked. Standards for arts education have been developed by arts and education experts at the national level, and most of our states have followed suit. How Have We Done So Far? National Assessment of Educational Progress: 1997 Arts Assessment Report Card An ongoing project of the U.S. Department of Educations National Center for Education Statistics, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) regularly tests students in different academic subjects, including dance, music, theatre, and visual art.